{"id":55827,"date":"2025-09-10T13:57:45","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T11:57:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.prd.endadens.ch\/frene\/"},"modified":"2026-02-13T13:42:58","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T12:42:58","slug":"frene","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.prd.endadens.ch\/fr\/frene\/","title":{"rendered":"Fr\u00eane commun ou \u00e9lev\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id49163_3c8d6a-ad{margin-top:80px;margin-bottom:60px;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_3c8d6a-ad > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_3c8d6a-ad > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_3c8d6a-ad > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:2000px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 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1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_b40953-26{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_b40953-26{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_b40953-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_b40953-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_b40953-26{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_b40953-26{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_b40953-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column49163_b40953-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_b40953-26\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:0px;padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 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.kt-row-column-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-column:nth-child(6 of *:not(style)){order:21;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-column:nth-child(7 of *:not(style)){order:32;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-column:nth-child(8 of *:not(style)){order:31;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id49163_0c5967-05 aligncenter has-theme-palette8-background-color kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column49163_fbde49-57 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_fbde49-57 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_fbde49-57 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_fbde49-57 > 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.kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column49163_53e480-5f, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column49163_53e480-5f:not(.specificity){margin-top:50px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_53e480-5f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"wp-block-uagb-image-gallery uagb-block-22542327     uag-blocks-common-selector\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"--z-index-desktop:999;\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery spectra-image-gallery__layout--grid spectra-image-gallery__layout--grid-col-2 spectra-image-gallery__layout--grid-col-tab-3 spectra-image-gallery__layout--grid-col-mob-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='23019' tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/Bild-039-300x240.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/Bild-039.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--grid\" src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/Bild-039-300x240.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='23023' tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus__wald_RS_2017_IMG_6390-240x300.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus__wald_RS_2017_IMG_6390.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--grid\" src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus__wald_RS_2017_IMG_6390-240x300.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='23027' tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-05-04-031_RK-300x240.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-05-04-031_RK.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--grid\" src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-05-04-031_RK-300x240.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='23031' tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-06-15-001_RK-300x240.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-06-15-001_RK.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--grid\" src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-06-15-001_RK-300x240.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox' tabindex='0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox--main\" dir=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/Bild-039.png\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus__wald_RS_2017_IMG_6390.png\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-05-04-031_RK.png\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/02\/fraxinus_2008-06-15-001_RK.png\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader 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361.4z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_03b2ba-b9\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-large-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">FR\u00caNE COMMUN<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading49163_165424-9b\"]{text-align:left;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:PPMigra-Italic;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading49163_165424-9b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading49163_165424-9b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading49163_165424-9b\"]{text-align:center!important;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading49163_165424-9b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading49163_165424-9b\"><em>Fraxinus excelsior<\/em> L.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Essence: Tonus, pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance, tol\u00e9rance, portance, attachement \u00e0 un objectif<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><style>.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xl, 4rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id49163_baceae-ef alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_75bbe5-3c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/fr\/\">Page d\u2019accueil <\/a>\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.stage.endadens.ch\/fr\/lexique-des-plantes\/\">Lexique des plantes m\u00e9dicinales<\/a> \/<\/em> <strong>Frene commun<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><style>.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id49163_082c2b-05 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_054944-0d{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_054944-0d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_054944-0d\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-large-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Essence et signature<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <strong>Signature<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De par son essence qui exprime l\u2019indulgence et la flexibilit\u00e9, le fr\u00eane prodigue les \u00e9nergies spirituelles n\u00e9cessaires aux cat\u00e9gories de personnes d\u00e9crites ci-dessus. Le fr\u00eane est un arbre commun et r\u00e9pandu de la famille des ol\u00e9ac\u00e9es (qui comprend \u00e9galement l&#8217;olivier, le lilas, le jasmin, le forsythia et le tro\u00e8ne). Le bois du fr\u00eane est aussi dur que celui du ch\u00eane, mais contrairement \u00e0 ce dernier, il est d\u2019une extr\u00eame \u00e9lasticit\u00e9. Il est donc particuli\u00e8rement adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la fabrication de manches d\u2019outils tr\u00e8s recherch\u00e9s et d\u2019arcs destin\u00e9s au tir. Autrefois, il \u00e9tait \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour la production d\u2019h\u00e9lices d\u2019avions et de skis. Les adolescents ruraux s\u2019amusent parfois \u00e0 escalader les jeunes fr\u00eanes et \u00e0 s\u2019agripper \u00e0 leur cime avec l\u2019objectif de se laisser ensuite lentement descendre au sol, mettant de ce fait l\u2019ensemble du petit arbre en tension pour former un arc gigantesque. Quel jeu cruel inflig\u00e9 \u00e0 ce jeune arbre et qu\u2019aucun autre que le fr\u00eane ne serait capable de supporter !     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le bourgeon repr\u00e9sente la partie la plus vitale d\u2019un arbre. Renfermant l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 de la pousse et de la fleur sous une forme miniature, il aspire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9panouissement. Le bourgeon contient l\u2019\u00e9nergie potentielle de la plante \u00e0 son plus haut degr\u00e9. La couleur qui exprime cette vitalit\u00e9 est bien entendu le vert, \u00e0 l\u2019instar des feuilles de la plupart des plantes. Parfois, les bourgeons peuvent cependant \u00eatre rouges et exprimer de ce fait une \u00e9nergie calorif\u00e8re int\u00e9rieure. Si le fr\u00eane ne nous en faisait pas la d\u00e9monstration, l\u2019existence de bourgeons noirs serait difficilement imaginable. Exhibant donc r\u00e9ellement des bourgeons noirs, velout\u00e9s, le fr\u00eane se distingue de ce fait de mani\u00e8re significative des autres v\u00e9g\u00e9taux.          <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le noir ne repr\u00e9sente pas une couleur, mais son absence ; les surfaces noires ne refl\u00e8tent pas la lumi\u00e8re vivifiante, mais l\u2019absorbent ; le noir est de ce fait tr\u00e8s rare dans la nature vivante. Nous constatons donc un \u00e9norme contraste entre la vitalit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du bourgeon et son aspect ext\u00e9rieur. Ce contraste surprend d\u2019autant plus que le fr\u00eane fait partie de la cat\u00e9gorie des arbres affichant le plus de vitalit\u00e9 et qu\u2019il fait m\u00eame preuve d\u2019une forte croissance. L\u2019essence du fr\u00eane serait-elle en mesure d\u2019exprimer par le biais de ce contraste qu\u2019elle met l\u2019ensemble de sa vitalit\u00e9 \u00e0 la disposition d\u2019autrui, qu\u2019elle ne s\u2019en sert donc pas dans le but de promouvoir sa propre splendeur ?      <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les feuilles du fr\u00eane sont oppos\u00e9es, compos\u00e9es imparipenn\u00e9es, elles portent neuf \u00e0 treize folioles finement dent\u00e9es. M\u00eame au niveau des cimes les plus puissantes, la disposition des feuilles isol\u00e9es r\u00e9sulte d\u2019un plan qui permet toujours \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re directe du soleil d\u2019atteindre le sol. En observant la cime de l\u2019arbre du dessous, nous identifions avec pr\u00e9cision son feuillage r\u00e9gulier compos\u00e9 d\u2019innombrables feuilles dispos\u00e9es en forme de spirale. En faisant glisser notre regard de nouveau sur le sol, et pour peu qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019une journ\u00e9e ensoleill\u00e9e et pas totalement d\u00e9pourvue de vent, nous pouvons nous r\u00e9jouir du jeu des lumi\u00e8res dansant avec l\u2019ombre. Cela signifie que les autres cr\u00e9atures qui s\u00e9journent dans la zone d\u2019influence du puissant fr\u00eane protecteur ne sont pas condamn\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019ombre, qu\u2019elles ont elles aussi acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re et donc la possibilit\u00e9 de s\u2019\u00e9panouir en fonction de leur caract\u00e8re propre. Lorsque les feuilles tombent \u00e0 l\u2019automne, elles infligent des cicatrices frappantes aux branches. Toutes les branches des arbres plus \u00e2g\u00e9s sont donc parsem\u00e9es de cicatrices remarquables laiss\u00e9es par les feuilles. Le processus de d\u00e9composition des feuilles du fr\u00eane produit un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne singulier, mais malheureusement d\u2019une telle raret\u00e9 qu\u2019il est m\u00eame ignor\u00e9 par de nombreux sp\u00e9cialistes. De toute \u00e9vidence, en f\u00e9vrier ou en mars et sous certaines conditions de temp\u00e9rature et d\u2019hygrom\u00e9trie, les feuilles de fr\u00eane en d\u00e9composition sont \u00e0 m\u00eame de d\u00e9velopper un merveilleux parfum de fleur. J\u2019ai fait un jour l\u2019exp\u00e9rience d\u2019une telle for\u00eat enti\u00e8rement emplie de ce magnifique parfum au cours de la saison hivernale. En d\u00e9pit de la d\u00e9composition des \u00e9nergies vitales, il peut donc arriver qu\u2019un indice de la vivacit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 venir s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve de la feuille du fr\u00eane.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Essence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le type d\u2019\u00eatre humain repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par le fr\u00eane est dot\u00e9 d\u2019une solide pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance. S\u2019il a un objectif en t\u00eate, il peut faire preuve d\u2019une opini\u00e2tret\u00e9 et d\u2019une patience quasiment sans bornes pour l\u2019atteindre. Il ne se laisse pas non plus d\u00e9concerter par les revers de fortune et les \u00e9checs; s\u2019il rate quelque chose, il y voit le devoir de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une optimisation, \u00e0 un nouveau d\u00e9part, et il se remet imm\u00e9diatement au travail avec un \u00e9lan consid\u00e9rable. Pour ce faire, il peut se mettre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cart et s\u2019isoler jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que son but soit atteint. Cela est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par les bourgeons noirs du fr\u00eane. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son enveloppe sombre, il prot\u00e8ge la partie int\u00e9rieure de la lumi\u00e8re pour la pr\u00e9server jusqu\u2019au moment de la r\u00e9v\u00e9ler au grand jour.      <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au tir \u00e0 l\u2019arc, la fl\u00e8che, l\u2019arc (tous deux en bois de fr\u00eane) et la corde tendue se fondent pour ne faire qu\u2019un. Cette image convient tout \u00e0 fait \u00e0 la personne d\u00e9crite, qui remet tout en position initiale et se tend vers l\u2019objectif qu\u2019elle vise. Le fr\u00eane a une grande portance; pourtant, il ne se place pas au centre et sait rester humble.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est le prototype de l\u2019\u00eatre peu soucieux d\u2019une r\u00e9ussite rapide et pour qui le plus important est l\u2019objectif.<br\/>On retrouve le contraire de ce comportement chez les personnes qui manifestent trop peu de tonus et de concentration sur l\u2019objectif pour acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la r\u00e9ussite. Elles cherchent \u00e0 rejeter la faute sur des circonstances ext\u00e9rieures ou sur d\u2019autres personnes, s\u2019en affligent, s\u2019en \u00e9nervent, et se cabrent. Il n\u2019est pas r\u00e9ellement n\u00e9cessaire de souligner le fait que sur le long terme, ce comportement a des r\u00e9percussions n\u00e9gatives sur la sant\u00e9. La col\u00e8re, le chagrin et le combat contre des r\u00e9sistances imaginaires entra\u00eenent des dysfonctionnements physiques. On peut voir appara\u00eetre des processus inflammatoires chroniques, des douleurs rhumatismales ou de la polyarthrite.<br\/>     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par l\u2019\u00e9lasticit\u00e9, la portance et la souplesse qui caract\u00e9risent son essence, le fr\u00eane apporte au type d\u2019\u00eatre humain d\u00e9crit les forces psychiques n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><style>.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id49163_46890f-05 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-row kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_d49269-fd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_d49269-fd kb-section-md-dir-vertical\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-large-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Botanique<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fraxinus excelsior <\/em>L., le fr\u00eane commun, est un arbre \u00e0 feuilles caduques qui peut atteindre 40 m de haut. Le fr\u00eane, qui fait partie de la famille des ol\u00e9ac\u00e9es, est l&#8217;une des plus grandes esp\u00e8ces d&#8217;arbres \u00e0 feuilles caduques indig\u00e8nes. Cette esp\u00e8ce vigoureuse peut vivre 200 \u00e0 300 ans et s&#8217;installe volontiers dans des endroits plus humides. Le fr\u00eane se caract\u00e9rise par une grande tol\u00e9rance aux inondations et peut, selon les plantes, supporter de rester jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 30 jours ou plus dans une zone riveraine inond\u00e9e. C&#8217;est un arbre \u00e0 enracinement profond et intensif. Le fr\u00eane fournit un bois pr\u00e9cieux qui r\u00e9unit presque toutes les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s positives que peut avoir le bois : \u00c9lasticit\u00e9, flexibilit\u00e9, r\u00e9sistance, absence d&#8217;\u00e9chardes et durabilit\u00e9. L&#8217;\u00e9corce gris verd\u00e2tre du fr\u00eane est d&#8217;abord lisse, puis devient beige clair et se fissure longitudinalement. Le fr\u00eane pr\u00e9sente g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un tronc \u00e0 croissance droite, avec une couronne sph\u00e9rique et l\u00e2che. Sur ses branches, il pr\u00e9sente des bourgeons d&#8217;hiver brun-noir typiques et voyants. Ces bourgeons se transforment en fleurs au printemps, ce qui peut arriver d\u00e8s le mois de mars les ann\u00e9es chaudes. Ce n&#8217;est qu&#8217;\u00e0 partir d&#8217;avril et jusqu&#8217;en mai que se d\u00e9veloppent les feuilles oppos\u00e9es de 20 \u00e0 35 cm de long, qui sont imparipenn\u00e9es. Elles comportent jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 15 folioles, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement longues de 5 \u00e0 11 cm et larges de 1 \u00e0 3 cm. Elles sont ovales allong\u00e9es ou lanc\u00e9ol\u00e9es, cun\u00e9iformes \u00e0 la base, longuement pointues et fortement dent\u00e9es. Le fr\u00eane ne pr\u00e9sente pas de coloration automnale prononc\u00e9e. Les fruits m\u00fbrs du fr\u00eane sont dispers\u00e9s par le vent. Une stimulation par le froid est n\u00e9cessaire pour d\u00e9clencher leur germination. L&#8217;embryon se d\u00e9veloppe ensuite pendant plusieurs mois dans le sol jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 atteindre sa taille maximale. La jeune plantule qui se d\u00e9veloppe alors, ainsi que les jeunes plantes, sont initialement tol\u00e9rantes \u00e0 l&#8217;ombre, mais les fr\u00eanes plus \u00e2g\u00e9s perdent cette tol\u00e9rance et sont sensibles \u00e0 l&#8217;ombre. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es en particulier, le d\u00e9p\u00e9rissement du fr\u00eane, provoqu\u00e9 par un champignon, s&#8217;est fortement r\u00e9pandu et repr\u00e9sente aujourd&#8217;hui une grande menace pour les fr\u00eanes d&#8217;Europe centrale.                  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_ce287f-ff\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-large-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Utilisation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le fr\u00eane est d\u00e9crit dans la litt\u00e9rature depuis l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9 et est fortement ancr\u00e9 dans les mythologies et les l\u00e9gendes. Ainsi, dans la mythologie nordique, le fr\u00eane est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un arbre universel. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son bois dur qui pousse rapidement et \u00e0 son \u00e9corce qui peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour le tannage et la teinture, le fr\u00eane est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 depuis des mill\u00e9naires comme une plante tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cieuse. Son utilisation m\u00e9dicale est \u00e9galement connue depuis Hippocrate. La s\u00e8ve, les feuilles, les racines, les graines et l&#8217;\u00e9corce \u00e9taient utilis\u00e9es en m\u00e9decine. Outre son utilisation comme antidote en cas de morsure de serpent, le fr\u00eane \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 connu pour ses vertus diur\u00e9tiques et antirhumatismales, qui sont toujours d&#8217;actualit\u00e9 dans la m\u00e9decine compl\u00e9mentaire.     <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><style>.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id49163_dcde91-f1 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_c4f4a1-97\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-large-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Ingr\u00e9dients<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les principaux composants du fr\u00eane sont des compos\u00e9s ph\u00e9noliques : Flavono\u00efdes et acides ph\u00e9noliques tels que le k\u00e4mpferol et la querc\u00e9tine, ainsi que l&#8217;acide f\u00e9rulique ou caf\u00e9ique. On y trouve \u00e9galement des (s\u00e9co)irido\u00efdes, des triterp\u00e8nes et des min\u00e9raux. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column49163_f4b529-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column49163_f4b529-71\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-small-font-size\" id=\"CERES-PFLANZENLEXIKON\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Comit\u00e9 sur les produits m\u00e9dicinaux \u00e0 base de plantes (HMPC). Rapport d&#8217;\u00e9valuation sur Fraxinus excelsior L. ou Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, folium. EMA\/HMPC\/239269\/2011 (2012).  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Madaus, G. MADAUS LEHRBUCH DER BIOLOGISCHEN HEILMITTEL BAND 1-11. (mediamed Verlag, Ravensburg, 1990).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">BGA\/BfArM (Commission D). Fraxinus excelsior. Bundesanzeiger 109 a, (1987).  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Kalbermatten, R. &amp; Kalbermatten, H. Teintures m\u00e8res v\u00e9g\u00e9tales. (AT Verlag, Aarau, Suisse, 2018). <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Kalbermatten, R. Essence et signature des plantes m\u00e9dicinales. (AT Verlag, Aarau, Suisse, 2016). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Images : Ceres Heilmittel AG, Kesswil.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FR\u00caNE COMMUN Fraxinus excelsior L. Essence: Tonus, pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance, tol\u00e9rance, portance, attachement \u00e0 un objectif Page d\u2019accueil \/ Lexique des plantes m\u00e9dicinales \/ Frene commun Essence et signature Signature De par son essence qui exprime l\u2019indulgence et la flexibilit\u00e9, le fr\u00eane prodigue les \u00e9nergies spirituelles n\u00e9cessaires aux cat\u00e9gories de personnes d\u00e9crites ci-dessus. Le fr\u00eane est un&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11511,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-55827","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fr\u00eane commun ou \u00e9lev\u00e9 - CERES Akademie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akademie.ceres.prd.endadens.ch\/fr\/frene\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fr\u00eane commun ou \u00e9lev\u00e9 - CERES Akademie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"FR\u00caNE COMMUN Fraxinus excelsior L. 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